Autonomy of social(sub) systems
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| - | “Psychic and social systems, unlike machines and organisms, can be characterized by their use of meaning”([[Luhmann]], 1995, p. 3), they cannot exist without organisms and other material systems. At this level of analysis each type of system is [[autonomous]]. An organism is not a part of a psychic system, and a social system does not consist of psychic systems. Because these kinds of systems are | + | “Psychic and social systems, unlike machines and organisms, can be characterized by their use of meaning” ([[Luhmann]], 1995, p. 3), they cannot exist without organisms and other material systems. At this level of analysis each type of system is [[autonomous]]. An organism is not a part of a psychic system, and a social system does not consist of psychic systems. Because these kinds of systems are [[operationally closed]], they exist only as environments for each other. As a result of Luhmann’s specific sociological concerns, a [[social system]] is differentiated into interactions, organisations and societies. |
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| + | '''References''' | ||
| + | Luhmann, N. (1995) ''Social systems'' Standford: Standford university press; Gren, M & Zierhofer, W. (2003) ''Environment and planning'' Great Britain: Pion publication | ||
| - | + | Published by Mike van der Linden and Paul Cuijpers | |
| + | [[Category: Social System Theory]] | ||
Latest revision as of 12:36, 20 September 2012
“Psychic and social systems, unlike machines and organisms, can be characterized by their use of meaning” (Luhmann, 1995, p. 3), they cannot exist without organisms and other material systems. At this level of analysis each type of system is autonomous. An organism is not a part of a psychic system, and a social system does not consist of psychic systems. Because these kinds of systems are operationally closed, they exist only as environments for each other. As a result of Luhmann’s specific sociological concerns, a social system is differentiated into interactions, organisations and societies.
References
Luhmann, N. (1995) Social systems Standford: Standford university press; Gren, M & Zierhofer, W. (2003) Environment and planning Great Britain: Pion publication
Published by Mike van der Linden and Paul Cuijpers
