Subsystem

From Geography

Subsystem is a part of Niklas Luhmann's theory of society. The society is divided by functionally specialised subsystems. These subsystems cannot be replaced by another subsystem. They are seperated from eachother.

Examples for subsystems are:

- Economy

code: Having money / not having money

program: supply and demand

operation: payment

medium: money, securities

- Law

code: right/wrong

program: laws, decrees, practice of verdiets, contracts

operation: sentence, related to cases

medium: text of law and contracts, interpretations

- Politics

code: governement/ oppositions majority/minority

program: program for legislation party program

operations: decisions, votes, declarations

medium: authority, legitimation, generalised approval, trust, forms of power

- Religion

code: immanence/ transcendence

program: myths, commandments

operations: creed, confession

medium: rites, prayers, oral traditions, sacred texts.

- Science

code: true/false

program: notions, theories, methodologies

operations: proof or falsification of statements

medium: publications, presentations

- Education

code: satisfactory/ unsatisfactory

program: training, professions, curriculum

operations: assessment, exam

medium: qualifications, marks, diplomas, degrees, titles