Space vs. place

A philosopher who examined the difference between space and place was [[Yi-fu Tuan]] and searched for the meaning of place, space and environment. The difference between ‘space’ and ‘place can be described in the extent to which human beings have given meaning to a specific area. Meaning can be given or derived from in area in two different ways, namely:

- In an direct and intimed way, for example through the senses such as vision, smell, sense and hearing.

- An in an indirect and conceptual way mediated by symbols, arts etc. (Tuan,1977 p.6)

'''‘Space’''' can be described as a location which has no social connections for a human being. No value has been added to this space. According to Tuan (1977, p.164-165) it’s an open space, but may marked off and defended against intruders (Tuan, 1977, p. 4). It does not invite or encourage people to fill the space by being creative. No meaning has been described to it. It is more or less abstract (Tuan, 1977, p. 6) 

''''Place'''' is in contrary more than just a location and can be described as a location created by human experiences. The size of this location does not matter and is unlimited. It can be a city, neighborhood, a region or even a classroom etc. In fact ‘place’ exists of ‘space’ that is filled with meanings and objectives by human experiences in this particular space. 
Places are centers where people can satisfy there biological needs such as food, water etc (Tuan, 1977, p. 4). 
According to Tuan (1977, p.6) a ‘place’ does not exist of observable boundaries and is besides a visible expression of a specific time period. Examples are arts, monuments and architecture. 

Tuan was convinced that people give or derive meaning from the world's geography and organise the world around themselves.(Cloke ,P. Philo, C.& Sadler, D. , 1991, p.76-77) This also explains that the meaning we give to ‘space’ correlates with the distance from the human to this ‘place’ (Cloke ,P. Philo, C.& Sadler, D. , 1991, p.79).
As Tuan (1977, p.3) says: ''"space is freedom, place is security".''

The underlying theory for this way of thinking is the [[phenomenology]], which tries to find the essential features of experiences in the direct and indirect experiences.  


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'''References:'''

Cloke, P.& Philo, C. & Sadler, D. (1991) ''Approaching Human Geography.'' Chapman, London. 

Tuan, Y. (1977). ''Space and Place: the persepective of experience.'' University of Minnesota, Minneapolis.


Published by Marjolein Selten and Fleur van der Zandt