Coupling constraints
From Geography
Coupling constraints are one of the type of constraints that Torsten Hägerstrand uses to explain human spatial activity in his time geography approach. Time-space paths of individuals are also formed by other people. Coupling constraints refer to the limits that are caused by the need of other people or things to undertake some sort of action. Participation in an activity requires presence of others, tools or materials. This causes the need to make appointments, so that there is the ability to let the people and/or thing come together at a certain time and at a certain place (Hägerstrand, 1970).
In time-space paths this causes the formation of bundles. This is the place and time where the people, tools and materials come together to undertake an activity.
References
Hagerstand, T. (1970). What about people in regional science? Paper for the Ninth European Congress of the Regional Science Association.
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